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Gediminids


The Gediminids Lithuanian: Gediminaičiai, Polish: Giedyminowicze, Belarusian: Гедзімінавічы, Ukrainian: Гедиміновичі, Russian: Гедиминовичи were a dynasty of monarchs in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania that reigned from the 14th to the 16th century One branch of this dynasty, known as the Jagiellons, reigned also in the Kingdom of Poland, Kingdom of Hungary and Kingdom of Bohemia Several other branches ranked among the leading aristocratic dynasties of Russia and Poland into recent times

Their monarchical title in Lithuanian primarily was, by some folkloristic data, kunigų kunigas "Duke of Dukes", and later on, didysis kunigas "Great/High Duke" or, in a simple manner, kunigaikštis In the 18th century the latter form was changed into tautological didysis kunigaikštis, which nevertheless would be translated as "Grand Duke" for its etymology, see Grand Prince

Contents

  • 1 Origin
  • 2 Confirmed Gediminid rulers
  • 3 Branches of the dynasty
  • 4 Gediminid descendants
  • 5 Family tree
  • 6 See also
  • 7 References
  • 8 External links

Originedit

The origin of Gediminas himself is much debated Some sources say he was Vytenis' ostler, others that he was of peasant stock Some historians consider him as the son or grandson of Lithuanian or Yatvingian duke Skalmantas Most scholars agree, however, that Gediminas was Vytenis' brother the parentage of Vytenis is explained differently in various fake genealogies, compiled from the 16th century onwards; according to the latest Polish research, his parentage cannot be established1

Confirmed Gediminid rulersedit

  • Gediminas
  • Jaunutis
  • Algirdas
  • Jogaila
  • Kęstutis
  • Vytautas – Grand Duke from 1392 to 1430
  • Švitrigaila
  • Žygimantas Kęstutaitis
  • Kazimieras Jogailaitis
  • Aleksandras
  • Žygimantas Senasis
  • Žygimantas Augustas

Branches of the dynastyedit

The Gediminid symbol in Rambynas Hill, Lithuania

The Eastern Orthodox branches of the family were mostly Ruthenian, which also was one of the two main languages of their established state Some of these families eg, Czartoryski later converted to Roman Catholicism and became thoroughly Polonized Others eg, Galitzine moved to Muscovy and became thoroughly Russified

In Poland, most Gediminid families such as Olelkowicz-Słucki, Wiśniowiecki, Zbaraski are extinct, but at least some families survive to the present: Korecki, Khovanski, Czartoryski, Sanguszko, and Koriatowicz-Kurcewicz

The Russian Gediminid families include Bulgakov, Golitsin, Kurakin, Khovansky, Trubetskoy, Mstislavsky, Belsky, and Volynsky

Gediminid descendantsedit

I The descendants of Narimantas:

  1. Dukes of Pinsky nobilityru faded at the end of the 15th century
    1. Dukes of Kurcewiczepl
      1. Dukes of Buremscypl
  2. Dukes of Patrikeyev
    1. Dukes of Bulgakov nobilityru
      1. Dukes of Golitsyn
      2. Dukes of Kurakin
    2. Dukes of Schentyatev nobilityru
    3. Dukes of Khovansky nobilityru
  3. Dukes of Korecki
    1. Dukes of Ruzhinsky nobilityru

II The descendants of Algirdas:

  1. Duke Andrei of Polotsk
    1. Dukes of Polubinsky nobilityru
    2. Dukes of Lukomsky nobilityru
  2. Dmitrijus Algirdaitis
    1. Dukes of Trubetskoy Trubchevsk
  3. Konstantinas Algirdaitisru
    1. Dukes of Czartoryski
  4. Vladimiras Algirdaitis
    1. Olelkaičiai descendents of Aleksandras Olelkaru
      1. Dukes of Slutsky nobilityru faded at the end of the 16th century
    2. Dukes of Belsky
  5. The descendants of Kaributas
    1. Dukes of Zbarazhsky nobilityru
      1. Dukes of Wiśniowiecki
      2. Dukes of Voronetsky nobilityru
      3. Dukes of Nesviskypl
      4. Dukes of Porytskie nobilityru
  6. The descendants of Fiodoras Algirdaitisru
    1. Dukes of Hurkowicze nobilitypl
    2. Dukes of Kobryn
    3. Dukes of Sanguszko
  7. Jagiellonians
  8. The descendants of Lengvenis
    1. Dukes of Mstislavsky

III The descendants of Kęstutis faded in the second half of the 15th century

IV The descendants of Jaunutis:

    1. Dukes of Zaslavsky
      1. Dukes of Mstislavsky

V The descendants of Liubartas faded in the first half of the 15th century

VI Koriatowiczuk, descended from Karijotas

  1. Dukes of Podilskyi nobility
  2. Dukes of Volynsky nobilityru

Family treeedit

Butegeidis
– c 1292
G Duke of Lith, c 1285 – c 1292
       
Budvydas-Pukuveras
– c 1296
G Duke of Lith, c 1292 – c 1296
                 
         
Vytenis
– 1316
G Duke of Lith, c 1296–1316		   Gediminas
c 1275–1341
G Duke of Lith, 1316–1341
                           
                     
Jaunutis

G Duke of Lith, 1341–1345		   Algirdas
c 1296–1377
G Duke of Lith, 1345–1377		   Kęstutis
1297–1382
                                     
                     
Ladislaus Jogaila
c 1351–1434
G Duke of Lith, 1377–1401
King of Poland, 1386–1434		   Švitrigaila
c 1370–1452
G Duke of Lith, 1430–1432		   Vytautas
1352–1430
G Duke of Lith, 1401–1430		   Žygimantas Kęstutaitis
– 1440
G Duke of Lith, 1432–1440
       
Jagiellon branch
Jogailaičiai

See alsoedit

  • Columns of Gediminas
  • Galitzine family
  • Family of Gediminas
  • List of Belarusian rulers
  • List of Lithuanian rulers
  • List of Ukrainian rulers
  • Palemonids

Referencesedit

  1. ^ Jan Tęgowski, "Pierwsze pokolenia Gedyminowiczów", 1999

External linksedit

  • Marek, Miroslav "Genealogy of the House of Gediminas" GenealogyEU 

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